Development of a Multi Sexually Transmitted Infections Modelling Software

Background Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) do not operate in isolation; people with risk-taking sexual behaviour in particular are more likely to be co-infected. In this complex landscape policy makers are limited by monetary constraints and still need to find optimal coverage solutions. Disease modelling could help in this context but modelling software accessible to decision makers examining various STIs and HIV is rare. Methods I developed an STI modelling software, using the programming language Java, consisting of a model for each STI and a graphical user interface. The models were drafted based on literature reviews and subsequently refined by experts, e.g. STI clinicians and policy makers. Afterwards, all models were internally and externally validated. The user interface was developed with user interface development experts and policy makers. The resulting software was validated using the MenSS trial. Results The software consists of different models, which serve individual purposes. All models are interacting, individual-based discrete event simulations. Separate disease models, which describe the progression of chlamydia, gonorrhoea, HIV, and syphilis, and their corresponding sequelae describe the progression of the respective infections. Sexual network models are used to describe the formation and dissolution of partnerships and thereby the occurrence of sexual contacts. A user can choose from four different network models which are included in the software. Clinical pathway models, which describe interventions, like screening or treatment for all included STIs, reflect the current English setting. All models have been validated using sensitivity analyses and publicly available data sources. The user interface has been validated by policy makers. Conclusion With this modelling software policy makers can compare intervention options, existing and hypothetical, to each other. All parameters, formulas, model structures, and clinical pathways are editable and well documented. The software is not bound to a specific research question but can be fitted for different scenarios to be reused and updated if needed, e.g. if medicinal knowledge changes. For example, by adapting parameters which describe treatment pathways the software can be used in non-English scenarios

Research and Design of a Routing Protocol in Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks

无线传感器网络，作为全球未来十大技术之一，集成了传感器技术、嵌入式计算技术、分布式信息处理和自组织网技术，可实时感知、采集、处理、传输网络分布区域内的各种信息数据，在军事国防、生物医疗、环境监测、抢险救灾、防恐反恐、危险区域远程控制等领域具有十分广阔的应用前景。 本文研究分析了无线传感器网络的已有路由协议，并针对大规模的无线传感器网络设计了一种树状路由协议，它根据节点地址信息来形成路由，从而简化了复杂繁冗的路由表查找和维护，节省了不必要的开销，提高了路由效率，实现了快速有效的数据传输。 为支持此路由协议本文提出了一种自适应动态地址分配算——ADAR（AdaptiveDynamicAddre...As one of the ten high technologies in the future, wireless sensor network, which is the integration of micro-sensors, embedded computing, modern network and Ad Hoc technologies, can apperceive, collect, process and transmit various information data within the region. It can be used in military defense, biomedical, environmental monitoring, disaster relief, counter-terrorism, remote control of haz...学位：工学硕士院系专业：信息科学与技术学院通信工程系_通信与信息系统学号：2332007115216

Combined dark matter searches towards dwarf spheroidal galaxies with Fermi-LAT, HAWC, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS

Cosmological and astrophysical observations suggest that 85\% of the total matter of the Universe is made of Dark Matter (DM). However, its nature remains one of the most challenging and fundamental open questions of particle physics. Assuming particle DM, this exotic form of matter cannot consist of Standard Model (SM) particles. Many models have been developed to attempt unraveling the nature of DM such as Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), the most favored particle candidates. WIMP annihilations and decay could produce SM particles which in turn hadronize and decay to give SM secondaries such as high energy $\gamma$ rays. In the framework of indirect DM search, observations of promising targets are used to search for signatures of DM annihilation. Among these, the dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) are commonly favored owing to their expected high DM content and negligible astrophysical background. In this work, we present the very first combination of 20 dSph observations, performed by the Fermi-LAT, HAWC, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS collaborations in order to maximize the sensitivity of DM searches and improve the current results. We use a joint maximum likelihood approach combining each experiment's individual analysis to derive more constraining upper limits on the WIMP DM self-annihilation cross-section as a function of DM particle mass. We present new DM constraints over the widest mass range ever reported, extending from 5 GeV to 100 TeV thanks to the combination of these five different $\gamma$-ray instruments